16 / 10 / 2026

Why do my gums bleed when I brush? Causes, risks and fixes

Seeing a bit of pink in the sink after brushing is something many of us notice from time to time. It is easy to ignore, but bleeding gums are your body’s way of telling you something is not quite right. The good news is that in most cases, the cause is simple and very treatable.

The most common cause: Gingivitis

Most bleeding gums are caused by gingivitis, the earliest stage of gum disease. When plaque (a sticky film of bacteria) builds up along the gum line, the gums become inflamed. Inflamed gums are red, a little swollen and bleed easily when you brush or floss.

The encouraging part is that gingivitis is reversible. With better cleaning at home and a professional clean, gums usually settle within a couple of weeks.

Other causes of bleeding gums

  • Brushing too hard: Scrubbing with a hard brush can damage your gums.
  • Starting to floss: Gums may bleed for the first week or so, then settle as they get healthier.
  • Pregnancy: Hormone changes can make gums more prone to inflammation.
  • Certain medications: Including blood thinners.
  • Smoking: Can mask bleeding while gum disease gets worse.
  • General health: Conditions such as diabetes can affect gum health.

When bleeding gums are more serious

If gingivitis is not treated, it can progress to periodontitis, where the gum and bone supporting your teeth are gradually damaged. Signs include receding gums, bad breath that does not go away, gums pulling away from your teeth, and teeth that feel loose. Periodontitis cannot be fully reversed, but it can be managed.

What you can do at home

  • Brush twice a day for two minutes with a soft or medium brush, angling it towards the gum line.
  • Clean between your teeth every day with interdental brushes or floss.
  • Do not stop brushing an area just because it bleeds; gentle, thorough cleaning helps it heal.
  • Cut down on sugary snacks and drinks.
  • If you smoke, consider stopping.

When to see us

If your gums bleed regularly, or if bleeding does not settle within two weeks of better cleaning, book a check-up. We will check your gums, measure for any signs of gum disease and recommend the right treatment.

A visit to our hygienists is often the best next step. They will remove hardened tartar that brushing cannot shift and show you simple techniques to keep your gums healthy.

NHS and private options

Gum treatment is available on the NHS where clinically needed. Privately, a 30-minute hygienist appointment costs £85, and our practice membership plan includes two hygiene visits a year for £19.95 a month. Call us on 01494 527 971 to book.

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