Sensitive teeth: Why it happens and what you can do about it

16 / 10 / 2026

Sensitive teeth: Why it happens and what you can do about it

That sharp twinge when you sip a cold drink, bite into ice cream or breathe in cold air is something lots of people experience. Sensitive teeth are very common, and the good news is that there is usually plenty you can do about it. Here is a friendly guide to the causes and the fixes.

Why do teeth become sensitive?

Under the hard enamel on the outside of your teeth is a softer layer called dentine. Dentine contains thousands of tiny channels that lead to the nerve. When dentine is exposed, hot, cold, sweet or acidic things can reach the nerve more easily, causing a short, sharp pain.

Common causes

• Brushing too hard: Scrubbing can wear enamel and push gums back.
• Receding gums: Exposing the root surfaces, which have no enamel.
• Acid erosion: From fizzy drinks, fruit juices, sports drinks and some diets.
• Tooth grinding: Can wear teeth down over time.
• Tooth decay or a cracked tooth: Can cause sensitivity in one particular tooth.
• After dental treatment or whitening: Usually temporary.
• Gum disease: Can lead to gum recession.

What you can do at home

• Use a toothpaste for sensitive teeth, twice a day, every day. It can take a few weeks to work fully.
• Try rubbing a little sensitive toothpaste onto the sensitive area before bed, and do not rinse.
• Use a soft or medium brush, or an electric brush with a pressure sensor.
• Cut down on acidic foods and drinks, and have them with meals rather than between them.
• Wait at least an hour after acidic food or drink before brushing.
• Use a straw for fizzy drinks and juices.

When to see a dentist

Mild, general sensitivity often improves with the steps above. But please book an appointment if:

• Sensitivity is getting worse or not improving after a few weeks.
• One tooth is especially sensitive.
• The pain lingers for a long time after the trigger has gone.
• You have pain when biting.
• You notice swelling or a bad taste.

These can be signs of decay, a cracked tooth or a problem with the nerve, which are much easier to treat early.

How we can help

Depending on the cause, we might apply a protective varnish or desensitising treatment, cover exposed root surfaces with a tooth-coloured filling, treat gum disease, or make a night guard if you grind your teeth. If a tooth is decayed or cracked, we will talk you through the options.

Book an appointment

Sensitive teeth are nothing to put up with. Call our friendly team on 01494 527 971 for NHS or private appointments.